Portal vein thrombosis in liver cirrhosis
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.52784/27112330.139Keywords:
thrombosis, portal vein, liver cirrhosis, anticoagulants, transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt.Abstract
Portal vein thrombosis (PVT) is defined as a partial or complete occlusion of the lumen of the portal vein or its tributaries due to the formation of thrombi. The etiology of DVT formation in a cirrhotic liver appears to be multifactorial, with a prevalence of 1.3% to 9.8%. The pathophysiology of PVT in patients with cirrhosis is not yet fully understood, but it is known that there is a decrease in the synthesis of both procoagulant and anticoagulant factors, which associated with local or systemic risk factors, favor the predominance of procoagulants that cause thrombosis. Establishing the onset of thrombosis and the anatomical level within the splanchnic mesenteric venous system are fundamental aspects to estimate the prognosis and aid in therapeutic decision-making. Despite the fact that to date no consensus has been published on its prophylaxis or treatment in liver cirrhosis, and the manycontroversies regarding the optimal management of PVT, general benefits of anticoagulation with low molecular weight heparin have been observed in patients with liver cirrhosis, particularly those with acute PVT. The objective of this review is to explore the most relevant issues when approaching a patient with liver cirrhosis and PVT.
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