Alteración de la microbiota intestinal y su relación con enfermedades gastrointestinales y hepatobiliares
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.52784/27112330.168Palabras clave:
microbioma, microbiota, Bacteroidetes, Firmicutes, Proteobacterias, factores de riesgo, disbiosis, enfermedades gastrointestinales, trastornos hepatobiliares, prebióticos, probióticos.Resumen
La interrupción de la simbiosis que existe entre el cuerpo humano y su microbioma puede resultar en una disbiosis, un desequilibrio en la interacción huésped-microbiota, que puede asociarse al desarrollo de diversas enfermedades como el síndrome de intestino irritable, hígado graso no alcohólico, enfermedad hepática alcohólica y cirrosis, entre otras. En ciertas condiciones patológicas y por múltiples factores de riesgo, la capacidad de autorregulación del intestino se puede alterar, contribuyendo al incremento de la permeabilidad con inflamación intestinal crónica. El diagnóstico y el tratamiento, así como la relación entre la permeabilidad intestinal, la disbiosis y las patologías gastrointestinales y hepatobiliares, todavía no tienen estudios clínicos validados o con el soporte científico adecuado, por lo que se realiza una revisión de la literatura con la finalidad de aportar conceptos que puedan orientar con respecto a la importancia del estudio del microbioma humano en estas enfermedades.
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